Mercati e Foro di Traiano

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Barrel-vault
The curved covering of a room or a bay – a semi-cylindrical structure whose weight is supported by two parallel walls.
Bas relief
Shallow carving resulting in raised figures and landscapes.
Base
The architectural element on which the shaft of a column rests.
Basement
The lowest part of a building or architectural structure that has a supporting function.
Basilica
A large rectangular, roofed Roman building, in which the space was divided up by rows of columns – used for transacting business or dealing with legal matters. The church adopted the same basic design for its first churches.
Baths
The buildings used to house public baths in Greece, but which became particularly widespread in Ancient Rome, where they often assumed monumental proportions.

Bifora
A double arched window divided by a small pilaster or column that acts as a support. Occasionally framed by a third arch.
Bust
The sculpted portrait of a person, usually only the head and shoulders.
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